In-vitro rearing of bed bugs (Heteroptera: Cimicidae, Cimex lectularius, L.) and challenges encountered

Recent worldwide resurgence in bed bugs infestation has created a need for renewed research in biology and management techniques. Obviously, bed bug colonies are critical to continue such research. Since bed bugs are obligatory blood feeders and all nymphs and adults require a blood meal before molting or reproduction, in-vivo feeding methods are commonly used that include: 1) feeding on the arm or leg of a willing human volunteers; and 2) feeding alternate host such as rabbits or chickens. However, these methods have hindrances such as causing allergic reaction or rashes in humans and raising concerns on cruelty of animals if used alternate hosts. Therefore, in-vitro rearing technique is a viable option which requires reconstituted human blood at ~37 degrees Celsius.