Revision and phylogeny of the Caribbean weevil genus Apodrosus Marshall (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae)

A comprehensive revision of the Caribbean entimine weevil genus Apodrosus Marshall, previously with only two constituent species, has uncovered 11 additional species that are new to science and occur in a range of habitats in the Bahamas, Hispaniola and Greater Puerto Rico. Here we review the taxonomy and natural history of these species and furthermore present a morphology-based phylogenetic reconstruction using select outgroup species in the genera Anypotactus Schoenherr (Anypotactini), Cautoderus Sharp (Polydrusini), Polydacrys Schoenherr (Anypotactini), Polydrusus Schoenherr (Polydrusini) and Sitona Germar (Sitonini). A preliminary matrix includes 20 characters related to external morphology, and six and three characters pertaining to male and female terminalia, respectively. According to the resulting consensus tree, Apodrosus is more closely related to Anypotactus than to Polydrusus, and at least three clades are formed within the genus. We discuss likely historical biogeographic scenarios for Apodrosus using a variety of event-based software programs.