Reproductive parameters of citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri (Risso)

Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Psuedococcidae) are chronic pests of a number of agricultural and ornamental crops. Despite their pest status, there is surprising little information about their basic reproductive biology and behavior. Specifically, various aspects of mealybugs’ reproductive biology have major consequences for the use of pheromone-baited traps to monitor mealybugs, and insecticidal methods of managing mealybug populations. The situation is further complicated by the fact that male mealybugs are more sensitive to insecticides than females. Here, we will present the results of research on the basic reproductive biology of the citrus mealybug (Planococcus citri), a key pest of nurseries producing ornamental plants. Results will include studies to examine factors such as the number of times that females are mated, possible refractory periods between matings, and whether or not pheromone production ceases after mating. Reproductive parameters of male citrus mealybugs will also be discussed, including the number of times that males mate, and the frequency and duration of mating. Details of the behavioral interactions between males and females before, during, and after copulation will be described.