Mites in the genus Brevipalpus (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) infest and feed on a wide range of plant hosts throughout the tropics and subtropics. The mites cause damage to plants through feeding injury and by vectoring a group of plant viruses that infects wild and cultivated species. The most important species are B. phoenicis, a vector of citrus leprosis, B. chilensis, an important pest in grapes in Chile, and B. obovatus and B. californicus, which are potential virus vectors. Currently, the complete plant host ranges and the capacity of the different Brevipalpus species and subspecies to vector viruses is not fully known. Nor is it well known to what degree these mites have been spread with the movement of live plants and plant material like potted fruit trees and ornamentals, fruits, and cut flowers. In this study, we intended to approach some of these unknowns using phylogenetic tools. The phylogeny of mites collected in different locations, in Americas, from different plant hosts was analyzed to determine if there was structure associated with geographic location and/or with plant host type. So far, we found phylogenetic clusters that corresponded to geographic separations, but not to differences in host plant association.