John Diaz-Montano, jdm@ksu.edu1, John C. Reese, jreese@ksu.edu1, Joe Louis, joelouis@ksu.edu1, William T. Schapaugh, wts@ksu.edu2, and Leslie R. Campbell, lcampbel@ksu.edu1. (1) Kansas State University, Department of Entomology, 123 West Waters Hall, Manhattan, KS, (2) Kansas State University, Department of Agronomy, 3008 Throckmorton, Manhattan, KS
The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura, is a major pest of soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. Since 2000, when A. glycines was detected in the United States, several studies on this insect have been done in different areas; however, there is no report of any stylet penetration behavior studies of A. glycines on resistant and susceptible soybeans. Assessment of feeding behavior of this aphid species was compared on four resistant entries (K1639, Pioneer® 95B97, Dowling and Jackson) and a susceptible check (KS4202) using the electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique. Feeding behavior of A. glycines adults was recorded during a 9 h period. The average time needed to reach the first sieve element phase by A. glycines was 3.5 h in KS4202 while in the resistant entries it was 7.5 h. The total duration in the sieve element phase was longer than an hour in KS4202, and only two to seven minutes in the resistant entries. These results suggest that morphological or chemical factors in the phloem tissue of resistant plants affects stylet penetration activities of A. glycines. However, in the majority of the recordings, the aphid stylet reached the xylem phase before penetrating the sieve element, and the time that aphids spent ingesting xylem sap was not different among all entries. Therefore, it is possible that xylem sap in the resistant entries may contain toxic substances that change aphid behavior and affect further activities in the sieve element phase.
Species 1: Hemiptera Aphididae
Aphis glycines (soybean aphid)