Apple germplasm housed at the USDA Plant Genetic Resources Unit (PGRU) is being assessed for potential resistance traits to major pests of apple production. Susceptibility to attack from plum curculio and apple maggot varied quite significantly among key accessions from these collections. Further, field and laboratory assessments have revealed some promising potential traits among these collections for resistance to internally feeding Lepidoptera. Preliminary results from controlled laboratory bioassays and replicated field assessments are discussed.