L. Nicole Davidson, nicoled@biology.usu.edu and Edward Evans, ewevans@biology.usu.edu. Utah State University, Department of Biology, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT
Alfalfa fields comprise
habitat in which several species of lady beetles coexist. Currently in Utah alfalfa the dominant
species is Coccinella septempunctata,
an introduced species. Several native species occur at low densities in these
same alfalfa fields, though prior to the introduction and increase of C. septempunctata densities of native
species were high. Of interest to this study is whether prey usage differs
between these groups (C. septempunctata
and three native species). This guild of
lady beetles is primarily aphidophagous, but has been shown to consistently use
other food sources. When aphid densities are low, lady beetles must use an
alternate prey source to survive. In
alfalfa, aphid prey densities fluctuate greatly throughout the growing season. In spring alfalfa one alternative is the larval
stage of the alfalfa weevil. At the outset
of the Spring 2004 growing season pea aphid densities were extremely low, and
peaked at one aphid per stem (via stem counts) just before haying. Lady beetles
were collected during the spring growing season prior to mowing. Frass was
collected from each individual and was analyzed to determine prey usage. Species differed in their usage of prey, with
consistently higher percentages of C.
septempunctata utilizing aphids throughout the season in comparison to
native species. Use of alfalfa weevils
will be compared, as well as other food sources such as pollen and other
arthropod prey.
Species 1: Coleoptera Coccinellidae
Coccinella septempunctata (Sevenspotted Lady Beetle)
Species 2: Coleoptera Curculionidae
Hypera postica (alfalfa weevil)
Species 3: Hemiptera Aphididae
Acrythosiphon pisum (pea aphid)
Recorded presentation