Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner), is an important pest that cause significant damage to stored food commodities throughout the world and is wide spread in Kansas and various states in the U.S. This moth is resistant to most of the insecticides used to control it. Proper understanding of the migration, gene flow, breeding structure and movement of insecticide resistant alleles has implications for management of this pest. Therefore, we have initiated an investigation of the population genetics of Indian meal moth worldwide(15 countries, 20 states in U.S., 27 counties in Kansas and 18 populations from two counties in Kansas). As a first step, we developed polymorphic microsatellite markers from genomic DNA enriched for microsatellite loci. These loci were amplified across populations from different parts of U.S. and around the world. Results of the analysis using these markers on populations from Kansas and states in the U.S. give an insight into the population structure, dispersal, genetic relationship and extent of gene flow among the sub populations studied. Analysis of Kansas populations along 4 different transects reveal shallow population structure of P. interpunctella with an FST value of 0.04 and a gene flow of 6 migrants/ generation. The outcome of this research will be useful to pest managers by helping them in detecting the origin and movement of moths enabling intelligent management decisions and an overall reduction in pesticide application. This will also aid in quarantine efforts to detect movement of resistance. The markers developed can also be used in DNA fingerprinting for population level identification of this pest.