Monday, December 11, 2006 - 10:23 AM
0284

Use of native host plants for increasing local populations of Larra bicolor (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae), an effective strategy for controlling Scapteriscus (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae) mole crickets

Scott L. Portman, portman@ufl.edu, J. Howard Frank, jhf@ifas.ufl.edu, and Norman C. Leppla, ncl@ifas.ufl.edu. University of Florida, Entomology and Nematology, PO Box 110620, Gainesville, FL

Mole crickets of the genus Scapteriscus are considered among the worst pests of turf and pastures in Florida and much of the southeastern United States. Larra bicolor, a natural enemy of Scapteriscus mole crickets, has been introduced into Florida as a classical biological control agent in order to combat the mole cricket problem. The wasp is now established in much of northern and central Florida. Success of the wasp appears to depend upon accessibility to useable nectar sources. Adult wasps prefer to feed on nectar produced by the flowers of Spermacoce verticillata (Rubiaceae). This plant, however, is not native to the continental United States and sometimes considered to be a minor nuisance. Native species of wildflowers were evaluated as alternatives to using Spermacoce verticillata for increasing and maintaining localized populations of Larra bicolor. Estimates were also made of the foraging range of female wasps, measured by determining the percentage of parasitized mole crickets captured at various distances from plots of Spermacoce verticillata plants. Native plants, which attract the wasp, can be grown adjacent to areas at risk from damage by mole crickets. Increasing local populations of Larra bicolor will result in higher mortality rates among mole crickets populating these areas. We propose that economic losses due to mole cricket damage could be significantly reduced by implementing this cost-effective and sustainable control strategy.


Species 1: Hymenoptera Sphecidae Larra bicolor
Species 2: Orthoptera Gryllotalpidae Scapteriscus vicinus (tawny mole cricket)