Risk of Barley yellow dwarf is the most important driver of insecticide use in Kentucky grown wheat. This disease results from plants infected with one to several of the yellow dwarf viruses which can only be moved into and among wheat fields by a complex of grain aphids, the most important of which appears to be the bird cherry-oat aphid. Results of cultural and insecticidal control efforts utilizing planting date, seed and foliar applied insecticide applications and application timing are discussed.