Monday, December 11, 2006
D0063

Geographical distribution and seasonal occurrence of two Pierce’s disease vector species in Virginia vineyards, Oncometopia orbona and Graphocephala versuta (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)

Anna K. Wallingford, awalling@vt.edu1, Peter M. Sforza, sforza@vt.edu1, and Douglas Pfeiffer, dgpfeiff@vt.edu2. (1) Virginia Tech, Price Hall, Department of Entomology, Blacksburg, VA, (2) Virginia Tech University, Department of Entomology, 205-C Price Hall, Blacksburg, VA

Pierce’s disease (PD) is caused by the xylem-limited bacterium Xylella fastidiosa and is vectored by certain xylem-feeding members of the suborder Auchenorrhyncha. Vine loss due to the proliferation of the PD-causing bacterium and blocking of xylem vessels has proved prohibitive to the production of European grape varieties (Vitis vinifera) in the southeastern U.S. Many grape growing regions of Virginia have been considered to be at low risk for chronic infections of PD as cold winter temperatures limit growth and reproduction of the bacterium. However, as average temperatures are climbing, these regions may be at increasing risk of chronic infection. There is a need to investigate the presence of X. fastidiosa and its vectors in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Members of the subfamily Cicadellinae, commonly known as sharpshooters, were collected on yellow sticky traps at fourteen commercial vineyards throughout Virginia from March 2006 to October 2006. Oncometopia orbona (F.) and Graphocephala versuta (Say) have been emphasized, as they are known vectors of PD and of the most abundant vector species in Virginia. These fourteen sites were representative of six geographic regions as well as three risk zones, low, moderate and high, determined by average number of days during which the temperature dropped below –12.2oC. Peak flight data were evaluated within each region and each risk zone in order to further assess the potential impact of vector feeding on the spread of PD.


Species 1: Hemiptera Cicadellidae Oncometopia orbona (sharpshooter)
Species 2: Hemiptera Cicadellidae Graphocephala versuta (sharpshooter)