The beet leafhopper (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae, Circulifer tenellus) vectors the curtovirus complex, ie. beet curly top virus, beet mild curly top virus, beet severe curly top virus. The viruses and leafhopper have very large ranges of dicot hosts and are endemic throughout much of the southwest. The leafhoppers are reported to be migratory in California and other areas. In New Mexico, curly top causes substantial, but unpredictable, losses to chile. Leafhopper populations were monitored at the edge of chile fields in the southern New Mexico for over 5 years using yellow sticky traps. Weed samples from the margins of the fields and chile from the fields were collected from and assayed for curly top virus. Samples infected with virus were sequenced in two regions to determine the strain/curtovirus type. Leafhopper populations varied from field to field and season to season. However, leafhopper population numbers increased in similar patterns each season, although the magnitude varied with the year. The proportion of specific curtoviruses found infecting chile and weeds changed during the 5 year period. A novel curtovirus was discovered infecting chile and weeds. Cultural methods have traditionally been used for curly top management in chile. A system for predicting the magnitude and timing of curly top infection based on environmental factors which is being developed from research results on the primary overwintering weed host of the virus and leafhopper has allowed growers to plan for disease. Other sustainable management strategies will be discussed.