Brenda Oppert, bso@ksu.edu, USDA-ARS, GMPRC, Manhattan, KS
Weevils are important primary pests of field crops and stored grains and products. My research seeks to identify digestion-related targets for natural weevil control products, including toxins, lectins, and inhibitors. Inhibitors target digestive enzymes and reduce the digestive capacity of insects, effectively starving them of required nutrients. However, digestive enzymes not only provide nutrition to the insect, but they also can protect against antinutritional compounds, such as inhibitors. This inhibitor compensation has complicated the development of effective inhibitor-based control strategies for weevils. Research on weevil digestion suggests that primary digestive enzymes in weevils include proteinases from multiple classes, as well as carbohydrases, such as alpha-amylase. Grain weevils of Sitophilus spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) have a complex system of digestive enzymes. In vivo, individual inhibitors have minor effects on growth and development, but physiological studies suggest that inhibitor combinations can greatly increase the efficacy of inhibitors in weevil control. Grain weevils can be used as a model to develop effective inhibitor combinations for use in integrated pest management to prevent weevil damage to plants and stored products.
Species 1: Coleoptera Tenebrionidae
Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle)
Keywords: proteinases, Bt toxin