The subfamily Myzolecaniinae was erected to include species of soft scale insects that are closely associated with tending ants. Some of the features shared among these scales are the reduction of legs and antennae, increased numbers of setae on the dorsal surface of the anal plates, reduction or absence of the anal tube, and the absence of eyespots. Recently, it was suggested that the Myzolecaniinae is composed of several unrelated lineages. Morphology of adult females and first-instar nymphs indicates that several myrmecophilous genera, including Xenolecanium, are not related to the Myzolecanium-group, which consists of Cribrolecanium Green, Cryptostigma Ferris, Halococcus Takahashi, Houardia Marchal, and Myzolecanium Beccari. Here we discuss the myrmecophilous soft scales occurring in the Australian and Oriental regions. Data on distribution, life history and phylogenetic relationships of these taxa will be presented.