Comparative Effects of 20-Hydroxyecdysone and Noviflumuron Against the Formosan Subterranean Termite

One of the more recently developed methods of termite control employs a novel bait system with a chitin synthesis inhibitor active ingredient, such as noviflumuron.  Termite baiting systems can result in the elimination of entire colonies, but up to a year is sometimes required.  Another compound with the potential to accelerate baiting systems is 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), as it induces premature molting in insects.  One goal of this study was to determine a lethal and non-repellent concentration for 20E fed to the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki.  Additionally, the lethal time of 20E and noviflumuron were compared.  A group consisting of 30 termite workers and 3 soldiers was exposed to two halves of media pad, one treated with an active compound and Nile A blue dye, and one as a control with only methanol.  Termites that ingested some of the treated substrate turned blue.  Mortality of the groups was monitored for a period of 30 days.  Termite groups exposed to 20E died significantly faster than termites in the noviflumuron treatment.  The results of this study will be used in future research to develop a new active ingredient for use in termite baiting systems.