Learning and memory processes of honey bees (Apis mellifera) in association with a conditioned place preference assay

I examined learning and memory processes of the honey bee (Apis mellifera) across social roles and environmental signals.  A newly developed conditioned place preference assay was used to observe differences in learning and memory ability of honey bees.  The assay presents two colors one of which is associated with a mild electric shock as a punishment.  In the resulting exposure trials the bees learn to avoid the electrified color.  This methodology was used to test honey bees from various socio-developmental roles and variable punishment signals and measure differences in response.  I also discuss how electric shock avoidance conditioning differs from other honey bee learning assays.