Tuesday, December 11, 2007
D0401

Use of bumble bees to extend the duration of row covers on muskmelon in Iowa

Laura C. Jesse1, Mark Gleason1, Alicia Owens1, Jean Batzer1, Donald R. Lewis, drlewis@iastate.edu2, and Henry G. Taber3. (1) Iowa State University, Department of Plant Pathology, 351 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA, (2) Iowa State University, Department of Entomology, 104 Insectary Building, Ames, IA, (3) Iowa State University, Department of Horticulture, 106 Horticulture Hall, Ames, IA

Row covers can not only increase muskmelon yield and earliness, but also reduce bacterial wilt, a disease vectored by striped cucumber beetles (Acalymma vittatum) and spotted cucumber beetles (Diabrotica undecimpunctata). Extending duration of the row-covered period into anthesis - by either placing hives of bumble bees (Bombus sp.) under the covers or merely opening the ends of the tunnels – may further protect muskmelon from bacterial wilt. In 2007 a field trial in Gilbert, IA evaluated extended duration row covers. Experimental design was a randomized complete block with 4 replications and 4 treatments. Subplots were 30-ft-long single rows with plastic mulch, drip irrigation, and 2-ft muskmelon transplant spacing (cv. Athena). Treatments were: 1) row covers removed at anthesis to allow natural pollination; 2) both ends of row covers opened at anthesis to allow pollinators to move underneath, row covers were completely removed 10 days later; 3) bumble bee hive (Koppert Biological Systems) inserted under the row cover at anthesis for pollination, row covers removed 10 days later; and 4) no row covers. We documented incidence of bacterial wilt through the growing season, and collected harvest data.


Species 1: Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Acalymma vittatum (striped cucumber beetle)
Species 2: Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi (spotted cucumber beetle)
Species 3: Hymenoptera Apidae Bombus spp (bumble bee)