Oreiscelio Kieffer is a small group of egg parasitoids endemic to sub-Saharan Africa and Madagascar. The genus is classified within the tribe Scelionini, the members of which, as far as is known, all attack the eggs of grasshoppers and locusts (Orthoptera: Acrididae). The species concepts are reviewed and revised. The relationship of Oreiscelio with the closely related genera Heptascelio, from the Afrotropical and Oriental regions, and the Neotropical Acanthoscelio are analyzed. This work is part of the Platygastroidea Planetary Biodiversity Initiative, and the collaborative taxonomic methods developed for this international project are outlined.