Lindsey Milbrath, Lindsey.Milbrath@ars.usda.gov and Jeromy Biazzo. USDA-ARS, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Tower Road, Ithaca, NY
Species 1: Gentianales Apocynaceae
Vincetoxicum (=Cynanchum) rossicum (pale swallow-wort, dog-strangling vine)
Species 2: Gentianales Apocynaceae
Vincetoxicum nigrum (syn. Cynanchum louiseae) (black swallow-wort, black dog-strangling vine)