Eastern US tree fruit growers, facing limitations on pesticide inputs largely brought on by the passage of the Food Quality Protection Act (1996), are challenged by the lack of efficacious tools to manage internal fruit feeding plum curculio larvae (Conotrachelus nenuphar Herbst). An overview of the pest status and life history of plum curculio in relation to current management techniques is presented with a focus on the potential of augmentative application of entomopathogenic fungi and entomopathogenic nematodes to manage both adult and larval life stages. Field trials were conducted in an apple orchard targeting plum curculio larvae with applications of Metarhizium anisopliae strain F52, Beauveria bassiana strain GHA, Steinernema carpocapsae and Steinernema riobrave with exposure delays. S. riobrave was found to significantly suppress adult emergence when plum curculio larvae were placed on soil 0, 3 and 5 days after treatment and S. carpocapsae at 3 days.