Michael Williams, msw191@psu.edu, Owen Thomson, omt100@psu.edu, Drew Bell, dab35@psu.edu, Diana Cox-Foster, dxc12@psu.edu, and Nancy Ostiguy, nxo3@psu.edu. Penn State University, Entomology, 501 ASI, University Park, PA
A clearer understanding of the biological and physical interactions within a honey bee colony has been necessitated by the introduction of varroa mites. The relationship between honey bees and varroa is complicated by the presence of endemic honey bee viruses, various bacteria and ambient environmental conditions. Varroa has been shown to vector viruses, e.g, Deformed Wing Virus, cause immunosuppression and increase viral amplification in honey bees. Bacteria have been found surrounding the varroa feeding site and E. coli has been shown to increase viral replication in the presence of varroa. Additionally, it has been observed that colonies treated with antibiotics have a higher survival rate than untreated colonies. Differing success rates among mite-infested colonies under diverse ecological conditions has been observed. Recent honey bee colony losses has dramatically demonstrated that need to understand these interactions, especially those resulting from differing ambient conditions. Our research is addressing the physical factors occurring during honey bee and mite reproduction in the presence of viral infection. We are focusing on the interaction between natural mite fall, viral titers and weather, with particular interest in generating short and long term varroa and virus prediction models. The events preceding two meteorological situations are implicated in increased mite death or survival; they are high (i.e. clear and dry) and low (i.e. cloudy and raining) pressure systems, respectively. Future work for bio-meteorological study include testing varroa control tactics timed to high pressure systems to maximize mite fall resulting in a decrease in colony viral levels.
Species 1: Hymenoptera Apidae
Apis mellifera (honey bee)
Species 2: Acari Varroidae
Varroa destructor (Varroa mite)
Keywords: Disease, Mites