Ochlerotatus japonicus was first collected in Virginia in 2000, when 3 male and 2 female larvae were collected in Prince William County, Virginia (Harrison et al. 2002). During the summer of 2002, extensive West Nile virus surveillance was performed in the Southwestern Virginia counties of Montgomery, Pulaski, Roanoke, and Giles. During this surveillance, O japonicus was trapped only at one site in Roanoke County. In 2003, a total of 24 O japonicus adults were collected in CDC Gravid traps from five of six sites sampled in Montgomery County, Virginia. In 2004, surveillance performed in Montgomery and Pulaski counties revealed that O japonicus was the second most abundant mosquito collected. The species was collected at every site and was trapped in its highest numbers in September.