The 2005 ESA Annual Meeting and Exhibition
December 15-18, 2005
Ft. Lauderdale, FL

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Friday, December 16, 2005 - 9:06 AM
0335

Biological control of European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch): Effect of sulfur on predator releases in organic apple production

Daniel Nortman, nortmand@msu.edu and Mark E. Whalon. Michigan State University, Center for Integrated Plant Systems, East Lansing, MI

European red mite is a secondary pest of apple. Large infestations cause leaf bronzing, which can lead to early leaf fall and reduced tree vigor. Long term effects of this damage are reduced return crop and branch death. Traditional IPM has relied on predatory mites such as the Phytoseiidae as the primary means of control. Organic apple production relies heavily on sulfur as a fungicide, particularly to control apple scab. During years of high humidity and rainfall, and subsequent high sulfur use, European red mites are present in higher numbers, causing significant damage. This coincides with a distinct lack of mite predator presence on the foliage. Sulfur sprays were investigated with releases of predator mites on branches from a commercial orchard that has a historic abundance of predator mites.


Species 1: Acari Tetranychidae Panonychus ulmi (European red mite)
Species 2: Acari Phytoseiidae
Keywords: Sulfur, Organic apples