The Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella Hübner, is a serious and widespread pest of stored food commodities throughout the world. This moth is wide spread in Kansas and cause severe damage to stored food commodities. The moth is resistant to most insecticides used to control it. Proper understanding of the breeding structure, dispersal, migration, gene flow, and movement of insecticide resistant alleles has great implications for management of this pest. Therefore, we have initiated an investigation of the population genetics of Indian meal moth worldwide. (25 countries, 25 states in U.S. and 30 counties in Kansas). As a first step, we developed polymorphic microsatellite markers from genomic DNA enriched for microsatellite loci. These loci were amplified across populations from different parts of U.S. and around the world. Results of the analysis on populations from Kansas and states in the U.S. give an insight into the population structure, dispersal, genetic relationship and extent of gene flow among the sub populations studied. Analysis of Kansas populations along 4 different transects reveal a stable population of P. interpunctella with a level of gene flow of 3 migrants/generation. The out come of this research will be useful to pest managers by helping them in detecting the origin and movement of moths enabling intelligent management decisions and an overall reduction in pesticide applications. This will also aid in quarantine efforts to detect movement of resistance. The markers developed are an invaluable tool for population genetic studies of Indian meal moth and can be used in DNA fingerprinting for population level identification of this pest.