Tara M. Madsen, taram@tfrec.wsu.edu and John E. Dunley, dunleyj@wsu.edu. Washington State University, Department of Entomology, Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, 1100 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA
Predator densities were examined in pear orchards under Organic, Soft, and Conventional pest management. Nine transects were established across orchard / surrounding vegetation boundaries, extending into each habitat. Beat tray sampling was used to monitor baseline densities and diversity of predatory insects along transects. Levels of predation were measured using tag cards of Ephestia eggs exposed along the transects, paired with tag cards placed in exclusion cages. Preliminary results show low predator densities in all pest management programs. Nevertheless, predators appear to be more numerous in orchards under Organic pest management, particularly late in the growing season. Soft programs also appear to positively influence predator densities. An edge effect is seen in all programs, with greater natural enemy densities along the borders in orchards. Early data on predation levels suggests that they are similarly affected by distance from untreated native vegetation. The study will be continued in 2005.
Species 1: Homoptera Psyllidae
Cacopsylla pyricola (pear psylla)
Species 2: Heteroptera Miridae
Campylomma verbasci (mullein bug)
Species 3: Heteroptera Miridae
Dereaocoris brevisKeywords: biological control, organic
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