Allison K. Hansen, ahansen8@hotmail.com and Diana L. Six, six@forestry.umt.edu. University of Montana, Missoula, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, College of Forestry and Conservation, Missoula, MT
Spotted knapweed, an exotic plant that has invaded much of the western United States and Canada, alters environmental characteristics and severely reduces native plant diversity and abundance. To investigate impacts of spotted knapweed on savanna communities we initiated a study comparing ground beetle (carabid) diversity and abundance in invaded and un-invaded sites. Environmental variation is important in shaping carabid species assemblages, and in turn changes in abundance and distribution of particular species can indicate changes in environmental conditions. There was no significant difference in species richness and evenness between invaded and un-invaded sites; however, when species were delineated into trophic groups evenness was significantly higher in un-invaded than invaded sites. Indicator values were calculated for all species based on a typology of five clusters. Species assemblages clumped by environmental tolerances. Comparison of indicator species biologies to site and/or site grouping characteristics and results from non-metric multidimensional scaling reveal that carabid assemblages are primarily shaped by soil texture and moisture, and the abundance of spotted knapweed. Indicator species among invaded sites differ dramatically in their described tolerances to soil texture and moisture, however, they related to each other in preference to spotted knapweed. Analyses of carabid trophic structure and indicator species in invaded and un-invaded sites reveal that spotted knapweed affects carabid distribution and simplifies trophic complexity of invaded sites.
Species 1: Coleoptera Carabidae
Carabus taedatusSpecies 2: Coleoptera Carabidae
Harpalus cautusSpecies 3: Coleoptera Carabidae
Calosoma luxatumKeywords: Functional diversity, Invasive plants
See more of
Cd4. Behavior and Ecology, and Cf1. Quantitative Ecology
See more of
Student Competition TMPSee more of
The 2004 ESA Annual Meeting and Exhibition
- From David Hoffman, wildlife technician, Dept. of Natural Resources, August 28, 2009
It's my understanding that there are three different types of spotted knapweed beetles. They are the flower weevil that attacks the flower heads, the knapweed root weevil that eats the roots, and then the lesser flowerhead weevil. I'm sure there are other ground beetles that work as well, but these are the ones that I'm familiar with. Would I need to use more than one type of beetle to kill off the spotted knapweed in about a 4-5 acre parcel? I'm wondering if I would need to use the beetle that eats the flower head and the beetle that eats the roots.