Chris J K MacQuarrie, chris.macquarrie@ualberta.ca1, David Langor, dlangor@nrcan.gc.ca2, Edward H. Holsten, eholsten@fs.fed.us3, John Spence, john.spence@ualberta.ca1, Scott Digweed, n/a2, and Daryl Williams, n/a2. (1) University of Alberta, Department of Renewable Resources, 751 General Services Building, Edmonton, AB, Canada, (2) Canadian Forest Service, Northern Forestry Centre, 5320 122 Street, Edmonton, AB, Canada, (3) Pacific Northwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, 3301 'C' Street, Suite 202, Anchorage, AK
Ambermarked birch leafminer (Profenusa thomsoni)(ABLM) is a significant pest of urban birch trees. Laval feeding causes a blotch mine on the upper leaf surface. Multiple larvae often feed inside one leaf, removing all the photosynthetic tissue. Severe infestations result in brown trees and early leaf fall. ABLM does not cause tree mortality, but repeated infestations can weaken birch trees, increasing susceptibility to fatal secondary pests and diseases. ABLM is native to Europe and was introduced to North America in the early 1900’s likely via nursery stock, and spread westward. In the late 1990’s ABLM was identified as the cause of significant defoliation of urban birch trees in Anchorage, Alaska and surrounding areas. ABLM can be controlled by the Ichneumonid parasitoid Lathrolestes luteolator. L. luteolator females lay a single egg inside developing ABLM, these eggs remain dormant until the larvae pupates, then hatch and develop, emerging the following summer as adult parasitoids. L. luteolator is native to North America but is not found in Alaska. A joint biological control project between the United States and Canadian Forest Services was initiated in 2003 to collect L. luteolator in Canada for introduction into Alaska. In 2003 the pre-release life history and distribution of leafminer in Anchorage was evaluated and collections made of L. luteolator parasitized ABLM larvae near Ft.Smith and Hay River, Northwest Territories, Canada. These larvae were allowed to pupate in tubs at CFS facilities in Edmonton, Alberta and overwintered, then shipped to Alaska in spring 2004 for final rearing in Anchorage.
Species 1: Hymenoptera Tenthredinidae
Profenusa thomsoni (ambermarked birch leafminer, birch leafminer)
Species 2: Hymenoptera Ichneumonidae
Lathrolestes luteolatorSpecies 3: Fagales Betulaceae
Betula (Birch)
Keywords: Biological control
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- From Thomas Davies, Garden enthusiast, curious disposition, July 8, 2007
Hello:
I live in Calgary and have recently discerned that the blotching in my split leaf Betula is harbouring next years crop of distuctive blotching by the "birch leafminer",Profenusa thomsoni.
Have read that a parasitic wasp may be of significant value around my garden, Lathrolestes luteolator. This was information around 2003, so I think you will have a ahndle if this recourse is helpful or has another undesirable entered our domain. If it is working and such an addition is worthwhile to ones garden is it possible to forward information on where to obtain my own Lathrolestes luteolator?
Many Thanks Tom Davies