Monday, 15 November 2004
D0099

Influence of host infection status on attraction of entomopathogenic nematodes

Olgaly Ramos, oramos@oznet.ksu.edu1, Jayne M. Christen, jmc1639@ksu.edu1, James F. Campbell, campbell@gmprc.ksu.edu2, and Sonny B. Ramaswamy, sonny@ksu.edu1. (1) Kansas State University, Department of Entomology, Manhattan, KS, (2) USDA-ARS, Grain Marketing and Production Research Center, Manhattan, KS

Quality of an insect as a host to an entomopathogenic nematode infective juvenile (IJ) that encounters it depends on whether or not it is infected and the stage of the infection. The benefits of mass attack suggest that recently infected hosts may be preferred over uninfected hosts, but as the host becomes depleted of potential resources the benefits decrease. Behavioral assays were conducted to determine changes in IJ attraction to an insect at different time points after infection by conspecifics. Response of four nematode species (Steinernema carpocapsae, S. feltiae, S. glaseri, or S. riobrave) to volatile cues from Galleria mellonella at 24 hour intervals after infection was determined. At each time interval, quadrant-plate host attraction bioassays were performed with infected, live uninfected, and dead uninfected insects. Net nematode movement toward or away from the insect was calculated. Attraction to the infected host by three nematode species went from net positive movement toward recently infected hosts to net negative movement away from a host near the end of the infection process. Recently infected hosts were not more attractive than uninfected hosts. Steinernema carpocapsae was not attracted to uninfected or recently infected hosts. Our findings show that some nematode species continue to respond to hosts even after they are dead following infection, and this response decreases as the infection progresses and host quality declines.


Species 1: Lepidoptera Pyralidae Galleria mellonella (greater wax moth)
Species 2: Rhabditida Steinernematidae Steinernema riobrave
Species 3: Rhabditida Steinernematidae Steinernema glaseri
Keywords: entomopathogenic nematodes, host attraction

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