The tribe Iceryini (Margarodidae: Monophlebinae) includes six genera and approximately 75 species, many of which are important pests of commercial agriculture around the world, including Icerya puchasi (the cottony-cushion scale), Icerya aegyptiaca (a tropical pest of breadfruit) and the Pacific pest Steatococcus samairus. Relationships among genera and species in the Iceryini are unknown because only a few species have been included in the previous preliminary phylogenetic analyses of the family Margarodidae. This paper presents a molecular phylogeny and an assessment of character evolution for the Iceryini. The phylogeny is based on multiple loci and species included in the phylogenetic reconstruction represent the diversity within five of the six genera of Iceryini. These taxa were collected in the Americas, Europe, Australia, New Caledonia, Hong Kong and Thailand. Two genera, Icerya Maskell and Steatococcus Ferris are well-represented in the phylogeny and appear to be paraphyletic and the less-represented genera also appear to be paraphyletic.