Nicholas Schmidt, schmidni@iastate.edu, Matthew Oneal, oneal@iastate.edu, Jeremy Singer, singer@nstl.gov, Keith Kohler, kohler@nstl.gov, Jarrad Prasifka, prasifka@iastate.edu, and Richard Hellmich, rlhellmi@iastate.edu. Iowa State University, Department of Entomology, Ames, IA
Annual cropping systems are often unfavorable environments for natural enemies due to limited habitat suitability. Cover crops can diversify the agroecosystem, enhancing the survival of natural enemies, and improving their efficiency as pest control agents. To assess the effects of perennial forages, alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum), as a cover crop on arthropod natural enemies within corn and soybeans, we used a split-plot design, with cover crop as the split factor. Replicated plots (4 replications each, 20 m long and 4 m wide) of corn and soybean were planted within both alfalfa, kura clover and as a check planted without a cover crop. In addition, we included treatments of each forage crop planted alone, for a total of 32 plots. We will monitor the natural enemy community from mid-June to the first hard frost in October, 2004 with pitfall traps and yellow sticky traps; both traps deployed for 72 hours every 4 weeks. From our June samples we observed a response by the natural enemy community that varied by species. In general, carabid abundance was greater in corn/alfalfa than any annual and forage crop planted alone or in combination. However, alfalfa and kura clover planted alone hosted a greater abundance of spiders than when either forage was planted with a annual crop.
Keywords: Cover crop, Ground beetles
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