Monday, 15 November 2004 - 9:30 AM
0108

Atypical traits of Africanized honey bees, Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Puerto Rico

Bert Rivera-Marchand, bertriveram@yahoo.com, Jose Luna, jl_luna@yahoo.com, and Tugrul Giray, tgiray2@yahoo.com. University of Puerto Rico, Biology Department, PO Box 23360, San Juan, PR

Africanized honey bees arrived to the island of Puerto Rico in 1994. With a lack of feral European honey bees due to Varroa, they spread quickly. After finding that all feral honey bee samples were from African maternal descent, we studied their defensive behavior and wing beat frequencies. Defensive behavior was studied by means of a ratings assay and a sting assay. The results of the ratings assay and the number of stings recorded on a leather patch in one minute indicate that the feral honey bees of Puerto Rico have reduced defensiveness, similar to European bees. The results for the time of the first sting on the patch were variable, but on average similar to Africanized bees in other studies. It has been reported that Africanized bees have higher wing beat frequencies than European bees. Yet, the wing beat frequency of the sampled feral honey bees in Puerto Rico did not differ significantly from European bees that were tested at the same time and under the same conditions. The Africanized honey bees of Puerto Rico, as stated in previous studies are resistant to Varroa, have high absconding and high swarming rates which are typical for the race. Nevertheless, our results indicate that they have reduced defensiveness and wing beat frequencies which is not typical for Africanized bees. Apiculture could benefit from Africanized bees with reduced defensiveness. Moreover, this study can help understand the evolutionary processes affecting invasive species.


Species 1: Hymenoptera Apidae Apis mellifera (honey bee)
Keywords: defensiveness

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