Inundative applications of the codling moth (CM), Cydia pomonella L., granulovirus (CpGV), which target neonate larvae before or during initial entry into fruit, offer potential for selective control of this key pest. In 2003 field tests on apple we compared the persistence and efficacy of single applications of three CpGV products approved for organic orchards in North America. In addition the success of repeated applications of one product (Cyd-X) as a principal control measure for CM in apple orchards was monitored following operational use by cooperating growers at four separate locations. In 2004 tests, different application strategies for the virus were tested. We also compared the impact of CpGV and spinosad on nontarget organisms in apple and pear.