This research will focus on forest susceptibility to and long-term ecological effects of the invasive insect emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) in Michigan. The two main goals of the project are 1) characterization of invaded stands and 2) quantification of response of non-ash species to ash (Fraxinus spp.) decline and death. Invaded stands will be characterized by quantifying ash density, percent canopy cover, age, community composition, stand age and soil moisture along a landscape gradient that that varies from dry upland sites to low wetland sites. Ash species are expected to be segregated along this gradient with white ash (F. americana) occupying the drier upland sites, green ash (F. pennsylvanica) occupying floodplain and riparian areas and black ash (Fraxinus nigra) occupying the wetland areas. The degree of attack will also be assessed in these stands by counting emergence holes on infested trees and estimating canopy dieback. Community response to ash decline and death will focus on the radial growth response of canopy dominants, growth response of saplings and seedlings, and exploitation of canopy gaps by invasive plants. Experimental plots will be established in forests within Michigan State Parks inside the core infestation zone. Additional plots will be established immediately outside of the core infestation for comparison to invaded stands. This study will provide important data on the effect of community structure on susceptibility and response to an invasive wood-boring insect. The results of this research will also enhance implementation of eradication efforts.