Glaphyriines have diverse biologies and habits and their symbiotic and/or parasitic relationships have attracted interest. Some species have caterpillars that are pests of cabbage, some feed on Opuntia, one species feeds on and is an obligate pollinator of the senita cactus, others live in and feed on lichens, and still others are parasites in Polistes nests. Glaphyriines were first established based on the presence of spatulate scales on the hindwing, but a review of 31 Costa Rican glaphyriines showed these scales to be more morphologically diverse and absent in some genera. Recent fieldwork in Costa Rica has resulted in new discoveries such as a species complex in Cosmopterosis thetysalis with brightly-colored caterpillars feeding on Capparidaceae.