Hand-applied multi-species pheromone dispensers, microencapsulated sprayable formulations, and low point-source high emmision rate approaches were evaluated for control of codling moth, Oriental fruit moth, and obliquebanded leafroller in Michigan apple orchards. The overall experimental design was a direct comparison of one or more pheromone treatments and a non-pheromone treated control. The effectiveness of various mating disruption techniques were determined by comparing: moth captures in pheromone baited traps, estimates of larval densities, and damage to fruit by these pests.
Species 1: Lepidoptera Tortricidae Cydia pomonella (codling moth)
Species 2: Lepidoptera Tortricidae Choristoneura rosaceana (obliquebanded leafroller)
Species 3: Lepidoptera Tortricidae Grapholita molesta (Oriental fruit moth)
Keywords: pheromone, orchard
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