Despite the efforts of numerous government and private agencies to quarantine and/or inspect all agricultural products, including plants and plant parts, imported into Hawaii, approximately 20 new arthropod species are inadvertently admitted into the state each year. Upon discovery of each new invasive species, potential damage to agricultural production and the islands' ecosystems is assessed, and a protocol for controlling the spread of the alien species is generated. Quarantine restrictions are placed on movement of host plants between islands. Biological studies are conducted to determine: 1) life cycle duration in Hawaii compared to published data, 2) natural predators or parasites that are present and can be encouraged or imported for biological control, 3) characteristic behavior of the alien species that can be disrupted by changes in cultural practices of the host plants, and 4) most susceptible life stages to target with specific pesticides or other control strategies. Educational material is created and disseminated to growers and the general public to encourage early reporting and to confirm infestation sites. This study reports the management protocols generated for three invasive species, the coqui frog Eleutherodactylus coqui Thomas, (Anura: Leptodactylidae) and the nettle caterpillar Darna pallivitta Moore (Lepidoptera: Limacodidae), and the giant whitefly Aleurodicus dugesii Cockerell (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae), in Hawaii.
Species 1: Anura Leptodactylidae Eleutherodactylus coqui (coqui frog)
Species 2: Lepidoptera Limacodidae Darna pallivitta (nettle caterpillar)
Species 3: Homoptera Aleyrodidae Aleurodicus dugesii (giant whitefly)
Keywords: alien species, quarantine pests
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