The bees of Puerto Rico with notes on the Antillean fauna (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila)

The bee fauna of the Greater Puerto Rico area is reviewed, including a list of distributional patterns of thirty-nine species of bees that occur in Puerto Rico and adjacent islands. This fauna is composed of four elements: exclusive Puerto Rican endemics (26.5%); Antillean endemics occurring on multiple islands (76.5%); continental species that have also colonized the Antilles (23.5%); and species introduced through human activity (12.8%). The bee fauna was both low in its diversity and showed the highest level of disharmony in relation to other faunas of the Greater Antilles.