Seasonal population dynamics of citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), and associated natural enemies in Alabama citrus orchards

The seasonal phenology of citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella, and associated natural enemies was studied in Alabama Satsuma orchards during 2006-2007. Peak populations of immature were recorded in the summer, whereas the highest numbers of adults were captured in pheromone-baited traps during August-October. Predation was the largest single cause of mortality.