The phylogeny of Triatoma carcavalloi was studied among 16 species of Triatoma, Panstrongylus and Rhodnius genera using mtDNA fragments of the 12S and 16S ribosomal RNA, and the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) genes by Bayesian analysis. The genetic relationship between T. carcavalloi and other taxa collected in sympatry was also analyzed by isoenzymes and morphometrics. Phylogenetic results indicated that T. carcavalloi is a sister species of T. rubrovaria, and both were clustered together with T. circummaculata and T. guasayana. Isoenzymatic and morphometrics analyses have revealed a slightly higher genetic and phenotypic identity between T. carcavalloi and T. rubrovaria than between that former species and T. circummaculata.
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