An intensive monitoring program was carried out in and around vineyards (n=29) located in the Hill Country region of Central Texas. For one year, xylem feeding leafhopper specimens caught on yellow glue-coated traps retrieved and renewed 2 to 4 times a month depending on seasons were brought back to the laboratory for identification and scoring. Over 110 Homoptera species were captured; 20 species were identified as xylem feeders. Xylem feeding insects are known to have the potential to transmit the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa, causal agent of Pierce’s disease of grapevine, to susceptible host plants. This disease has had serious economic consequences to this country’s multibillion dollar grape industry. Predominant species in Central Texas were Homalodisca coagulata (glassy-winged sharpshooter), Graphocephala versuta and Clastoptera xanthocephala, two leafhoppers and a spittlebug. These species were most active in the vineyards throughout the summer months. During the fall and winter months their activity was registered in surrounding natural habitat where they overwintered. Much remains to be studied in order to understand the interactions between these xylem feeding insects, and between these insects and the host plants surrounding the vineyards.